slug: designolle-vertesi-pokutta-2023-symmetric-bell-cross-polytope bibkey: designolle2023symmetricbell doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.022205 url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.20677v3 triage: theorem motivation_gids:

• D5/S3/Quantum/Entanglement/SymmetricBellPolytopeNotCrossPolytope.result

Refutation of the symmetric Bell cross-polytope conjecture

Problem

S. Designolle, T. Vértesi and S. Pokutta, Symmetric multipartite Bell inequalities via Frank-Wolfe algorithms, arXiv:2310.20677v3 and Physical Review A 109, 022205 (2024), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.022205, conjecture in Section V that the symmetrised local polytope is affinely equivalent to the cross-polytope in dimension $\lceil m/2\rceil$ for the stated multipartite range. The source defines deterministic strategies and their local polytope in Eqs. (1)–(2), and the symmetry generators in Eq. (25). The literal claim is encoded by D5/S3/Quantum/Entanglement/SymmetricBellPolytopeNotCrossPolytope.claim.

Motivation

The conjecture predicts that the projected deterministic strategy polytope has exactly the cross-polytope extreme-point structure in every allowed dimension. The settlement tests three parties and seventeen inputs, where the proposed cross-polytope would have dimension nine and eighteen extreme points.

Gap

Preregistration #15186 records the source statement, Lean conventions, route, and settlement criteria before the formalization. The literature note records the source version and the bounded search for a prior settlement. The conjecture remains the source’s stated open question within that scope.

Route

The Lean model uses the real tensor carrier indexed by input tuples, the signed permutation generators, the common fixed subspace, and the orthogonal projection Gamma. The Reynolds average is the source’s Eqs. (26)–(27).

For $N=3$ and $m=17$, the nine single-frequency strategies and their negatives are uniquely exposed vertices. A mixed deterministic strategy has scaled projected coordinates $$q_r=289(\Gamma 317d{)}_{[r,0,0]}=(-141,133,-109,69,-13,-43,91,-123,139).$$ The functional $(-15,27,-21,8,59,24,-5,-6,10)$ takes value $8421$ on this point and at most $8417$ on the eighteen frequency vertices. Thus the mixed point is outside their convex hull, yielding at least nineteen extreme points.

Falsifier

A proof of the encoded universal claim would falsify this settlement. At the certificate level, the refutation would fail if the mixed point were not in the projected local polytope, if the separating inequality did not hold, or if the eighteen frequency points were not exposed as stated. The Lean theorem result : ¬ claim discharges the certified instance at $(N,m)=(3,17)$.

Evidence

The settling source is D5/S3/Quantum/Entanglement/SymmetricBellPolytopeNotCrossPolytope.lean. The public result is the designated refutation result (basis=refutes) and is exempt from four-slot escape registration (CLAUDE.md §3.9). The supporting source is D5/S3/Quantum/Entanglement/SymmetricBellPolytopeSupport.lean; its public equality characterization has an unfinished escape audit under issue #15265. No registration file is delivered.

The experiment entry is the pinned numerical check. Command: python3 check.py, exit 0; script SHA-256: 9cda6109955a66f89d7510741043b065bc600caf20e96a717b7f0dbd87dab998. The final reading is bad= 0. Its tested scope is:

• Reynolds coordinates: all 4096 strategies for $m=4$ and all 32768 for $m=5$, and 3000 random strategies each for $m=6,7$, at $N=3$.
• Table II: distinct symmetrised points at $N=3$, $m=3,\dots ,9$ are $10,10,60,100,640,1540,10032$.
• Smaller cases: at $N=3$ and $m=5,7,9,11,13$, the maximum computed ${\ell }_1$ norm of $V^{-1}q$ prints as $1.000000000000$; the floating-point containment check uses tolerance $10^{-9}$.
• Certificate: at $N=3$, $m=17$, the computed determinant is $98400527135576109875200$, the scaled point is $(-141,133,-109,69,-13,-43,91,-123,139)$, and the separator gives $8421>8417$. All $2^{17}$ sign vectors are checked at each odd frequency from $1$ to $17$; the maxima occur at 34 signed rotations for frequencies below 17 and at two for frequency 17.

Triage

Tier 1 published conjecture; the Scribe attaches one OpenProblemResolutionClaim with resolution Refuted for this dossier.

All private helpers in the settling module are consumed on the proof path of result. The supporting theorem sharp_norm_eq_iff is content. The support module has eleven public theorem/lemma audit targets; their escape audit is unfinished under #15265. Every helper has a live consumer in the refutation dependency graph. The support module contains general all-$n$ results and has utility none; the settling module contains the finite certificates under its certified-instance / refutes utility. The published owner lemma PeritoUnitCircleSum.abs_cos_sum_le is also listed in the unfinished audit issue.

What the settlement shows

Proved by result: the source’s universal affine-equivalence conjecture is false; the projected local polytope at $N=3$, $m=17$ has an extreme point outside the eighteen frequency vertices, so it cannot be affinely equivalent to a nine-dimensional cross-polytope.

Proved mechanism: SymmetricBellPolytopeNotCrossPolytope.odd_frequency_norm_le and norm_maximizers_are_rotations give the sharp sign-sum bound and its signed rotation maximizers. freqVertex_exposed, altVertex_exposed and signedVertex_extreme in the settling module prove exposure of the eighteen frequency vertices. dot_wp, dot_wV_le and extraPoint_outside prove the integer separation $8421>8417$; nineteen_extreme supplies nineteen distinct extreme points.

Geometric explanation, proved by the following paper argument: let $\zeta =\exp (i\pi /17)$ and let $Z$ be the convex hull of the sums ${\sum }_{r=0}^{16}{\epsilon }_r{\zeta }^r$, with ${\epsilon }_r\in \{\pm 1\}$. For a real linear functional with direction $u$, avoiding the seventeen orthogonality directions, its unique maximizing sign vector selects the sign of $\mathrm{Re}(\overline{u}{\zeta }^r)$. The phases occupy an interval of length $16\pi /17<\pi$. Consecutive zeros of the cosine are $\pi$ apart, so this sign vector has at most one change: it is a threshold with cut $k$ and initial sign $s$. Its sum is $$\sum _{r=0}^{16}{\epsilon }_r{\zeta }^r=s\frac{2{\zeta }^k}{\zeta -1},0\le k\le 17,s\in \{\pm 1\}.$$ Every such threshold is selected by an open interval of directions (including the two constant-sign thresholds). Since ${\zeta }^{17}=-1$ and $\zeta$ has order $34$, the endpoint repetitions leave exactly $34$ distinct sums, equally spaced on a circle. Every vertex of a finite planar convex hull can be uniquely exposed by a direction avoiding that finite set of orthogonality directions. Thus these sums are exactly the vertices of $Z$, which is the regular $34$-gon. This is an explanatory geometric proof; no separate kernel-checked polygon-equality theorem is delivered.

Computed: for odd $m=5,\dots ,13$ at $N=3$ the symmetrised polytope is the indicated cross-polytope. The source’s Table II counts for $N=3$ and $m=3,\dots ,9$ are $10,10,60,100,640,1540,10032$.

Computed readings: the pinned experiment in Evidence reports bad= 0 on the exact finite scopes listed there, with its command, exit code and SHA-256.

Open: the first failing value among $m=14,15,16$ is not computed here; other party counts remain open; and the source’s remark that symmetric facets are facets of the full local polytope for odd $N$ and even $m$ is not settled.

Effect on neighbouring results: the refutation changes the universal cross-polytope conjecture and its proposed extreme-point description. It does not refute the source’s other Bell inequalities, Table II observations, or the separate facet remark.

ASSUMED-UNVERIFIED

The bounded literature search does not establish exhaustive global novelty or priority. The correspondence from the source’s prose conjecture to the encoded predicate is the preregistered interpretation in #15186. No registration-completion state is claimed for the supporting public theorem.